单元测试和集成测试
单元测试仅依赖于源代码，是测试代码逻辑是否符合预期的最简单方法。
make test
# 单个 packagemake test WHAT=./pkg/api# 多个 packagesmake test WHAT=./pkg/{api,kubelet}
或者，也可以直接用 go test
go test -v k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet
# Runs TestValidatePod in pkg/api/validation with the verbose flag setmake test WHAT=./pkg/api/validation KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS='-run ^TestValidatePod$'# Runs tests that match the regex ValidatePod|ValidateConfigMap in pkg/api/validationmake test WHAT=./pkg/api/validation KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS="-run ValidatePod\|ValidateConfigMap$"
或者直接用 go test
go test -v k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/validation -run ^TestValidatePod$
并行测试是 root out flakes 的一种有效方法：
# Have 2 workers run all tests 5 times each (10 total iterations).make test PARALLEL=2 ITERATION=5
make test KUBE_COVER=y
go test ./pkg/apiserver -benchmem -run=XXX -bench=BenchmarkWatch
Kubernetes 集成测试需要安装 etcd（只要按照即可，不需要启动），比如
hack/install-etcd.sh # Installs in ./third_party/etcdecho export PATH="\$PATH:$(pwd)/third_party/etcd" >> ~/.profile # Add to PATH
集成测试会在需要的时候自动启动 etcd 和 kubernetes 服务，并运行 test/integration 里面的测试。
make test-integration # Run all integration tests.
# Run integration test TestPodUpdateActiveDeadlineSeconds with the verbose flag set.make test-integration KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS="-run ^TestPodUpdateActiveDeadlineSeconds$"
End to end (e2e) 测试模拟用户行为操作 Kubernetes，用来保证 Kubernetes 服务或集群的行为完全符合设计预期。
在开启 e2e 测试之前，需要先编译测试文件，并设置 KUBERNETES_PROVIDER（默认为 gce）：
make WHAT='test/e2e/e2e.test'make ginkgoexport KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=local
# build Kubernetes, up a cluster, run tests, and tear everything downgo run hack/e2e.go -- -v --build --up --test --down
go run hack/e2e.go -v -test --test_args='--ginkgo.focus=Kubectl\sclient\s\[k8s\.io\]\sKubectl\srolling\-update\sshould\ssupport\srolling\-update\sto\ssame\simage\s\[Conformance\]$'
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=Pods.*env
# Run tests in parallel, skip any that must be run seriallyGINKGO_PARALLEL=y go run hack/e2e.go --v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=\[Serial\]"# Run tests in parallel, skip any that must be run serially and keep the test namespace if test failedGINKGO_PARALLEL=y go run hack/e2e.go --v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=\[Serial\] --delete-namespace-on-failure=false"
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --down
# -ctl can be used to quickly call kubectl against your e2e cluster. Useful for# cleaning up after a failed test or viewing logs. Use -v to avoid suppressing# kubectl output.go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -ctl='get events'go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -ctl='delete pod foobar'
export FEDERATION=trueexport E2E_ZONES="us-central1-a us-central1-b us-central1-f"# or export FEDERATION_PUSH_REPO_BASE="quay.io/colin_hom"export FEDERATION_PUSH_REPO_BASE="gcr.io/${GCE_PROJECT_NAME}"# build container imagesKUBE_RELEASE_RUN_TESTS=n KUBE_FASTBUILD=true go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -build# push the federation container imagesbuild/push-federation-images.sh# Deploy federation control planego run hack/e2e.go -- -v --up# Finally, run the testsgo run hack/e2e.go -- -v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.focus=\[Feature:Federation\]"# Don't forget to teardown everything downgo run hack/e2e.go -- -v --down
可以用 cluster/log-dump.sh <directory> 方便的下载相关日志，帮助排查测试中碰到的问题。
Node e2e 仅测试 Kubelet 的相关功能，可以在本地或者集群中测试
export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=localmake test-e2e-node FOCUS="InitContainer"make test_e2e_node TEST_ARGS="--experimental-cgroups-per-qos=true"
借助 kubectl 的模版可以方便获取想要的数据，比如查询某个 container 的镜像的方法为
kubectl get pods nginx-4263166205-ggst4 -o template '--template={{if (exists ."status""containerStatuses")}}{{range .status.containerStatuses}}{{if eq .name "nginx"}}{{.image}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}'